Japan’s castles are some of the most iconic and awe-inspiring structures in the country. Steeped in history, they showcase incredible architecture, breathtaking scenery, and fascinating stories from Japan’s feudal era. Here are the top seven castles in Japan that you should not miss.
1. Himeji Castle (Hyogo Prefecture)
Often referred to as the “White Heron Castle” due to its elegant, bird-like appearance, Himeji Castle is Japan’s most famous and best-preserved castle. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it stands as a masterpiece of Japanese architecture.
- Highlights:
- Stunning white facade and intricate wooden interiors.
- Panoramic views from the main keep.
- Seasonal beauty during cherry blossoms and autumn foliage.
- Access: Easily accessible via the JR Himeji Station, which is on the Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen line.
2. Matsumoto Castle (Nagano Prefecture)
Known as the “Crow Castle” for its striking black exterior, Matsumoto Castle is one of Japan’s oldest original castles. Surrounded by a moat and the stunning backdrop of the Japanese Alps, it offers a quintessential castle experience.
- Highlights:
- Original wooden interiors and steep staircases.
- Beautiful reflections in the surrounding moat.
- Seasonal illumination during cherry blossom season.
- Access: A 15-minute walk from Matsumoto Station, which is served by the JR Chuo Line.
3. Osaka Castle (Osaka Prefecture)
Osaka Castle is an iconic landmark and a symbol of Japan’s feudal history. While the current structure is a modern reconstruction, it houses a museum that chronicles the castle’s rich history.
- Highlights:
- Panoramic views from the top floor.
- Expansive grounds with gardens and a moat.
- Illuminated night views.
- Access: Located in Osaka’s city center, accessible via JR Osakajokoen Station.
4. Nagoya Castle (Aichi Prefecture)
Nagoya Castle, with its striking green-tiled roof and golden shachihoko (tiger-headed carp) ornaments, is a magnificent example of Japanese castle design. Though reconstructed, it retains its grandeur and charm.
- Highlights:
- Impressive golden ornaments.
- Ninomaru Garden, perfect for a peaceful stroll.
- Cultural exhibits and traditional performances.
- Access: A short walk from Shiyakusho Station on the Meijo subway line.
5. Hikone Castle (Shiga Prefecture)
One of the few castles in Japan with its original keep intact, Hikone Castle offers a glimpse into Japan’s past. Its hilltop location provides stunning views of Lake Biwa and the surrounding area.
- Highlights:
- Original wooden structures and historical artifacts.
- Proximity to Lake Biwa, Japan’s largest freshwater lake.
- Beautiful Genkyuen Garden nearby.
- Access: A 15-minute walk from JR Hikone Station, on the Tokaido Main Line.
6. Okayama Castle (Okayama Prefecture)
Nicknamed “Crow Castle” due to its black exterior, Okayama Castle is a striking contrast to many of Japan’s white castles. The nearby Korakuen Garden adds to its appeal, making it a favorite among visitors.
- Highlights:
- Stunning black facade and panoramic views from the keep.
- Access to Korakuen Garden, one of Japan’s top three landscaped gardens.
- Historical displays and cultural experiences, such as kimono rental.
- Access: A 20-minute walk or short tram ride from JR Okayama Station.
7. Shuri Castle (Okinawa Prefecture)
Shuri Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was the heart of the Ryukyu Kingdom. While the original structure was destroyed during World War II, it has been beautifully reconstructed and serves as a cultural and historical treasure.
- Highlights:
- Unique architecture blending Japanese and Ryukyuan styles.
- Vibrant red exterior and traditional Okinawan motifs.
- Stunning views of Naha city.
- Access: A 15-minute walk from Shuri Station on the Okinawa Urban Monorail.
Tips for Visiting Japanese Castles
- Use a Japan Rail Pass: Many castles are accessible via the JR network, making it easy and cost-effective to include them in your itinerary.
- Visit During Cherry Blossom Season: Castles like Himeji and Matsumoto are particularly stunning when surrounded by blooming sakura trees.
- Wear Comfortable Shoes: Exploring castles often involves climbing steep stairs and walking long distances.
- Learn the History: Many castles feature museums or guided tours that provide fascinating insights into Japan’s feudal era.
Conclusion
Japan’s castles are more than just architectural marvels; they are windows into the country’s rich history and culture. Whether you’re captivated by the elegance of Himeji Castle, the dramatic landscapes surrounding Matsumoto Castle, or the unique Ryukyuan heritage of Shuri Castle, these structures offer something for everyone. With a Japan Rail Pass and a spirit of adventure, you can easily explore these impressive castles and uncover the stories they hold.
Start planning your Japan adventure now with Japan Rail Planner.